Semen Analysis
Semen Analysis Test Procedure & Results WHO Standard's
A semen analysis, also known as sperm count, is a medical diagnostic test that evaluates the quality and quantity of semen. So, what is semen? It is a thick fluid that consists of sperm. The process is known as ejaculation. Semen is the fluid containing sperm, a vital component of the male reproductive system responsible for fertilizing the egg, leading to pregnancy. If you are unable to achieve pregnancy after engaging in unprotected sexual intercourse, there may be an issue with the sperm count. A semen analysis test can help identify any problems with semen or sperm count, which may be the underlying cause of infertility.
What is Infertility?
Infertility? It may be a terrifying word for couples who are trying long to get conceived but are unable to get pregnant. The definition of Infertility is that you are unable to get pregnant after one year of unprotected sexual intercourse. According to a study, almost 15% of all couples may experience infertility at reproductive age, and the malefactor significantly contributes to 30% of infertility cases and plays a contributing role in about half of them.
Factors can help identify the cause of male factor during semen analysis:
Why Australian Concept is best fit for Semen Analysis?
Semen Analysis at Australian Concept is part of a broader approach to the diagnosis of infertility in males. The centre emphasizes a comprehensive assessment of male fertility factors to identify any issues contributing to infertility. The commitment to standards improves result reliability and aids in diagnosing infertility causes.
At the Australian Concept Infertility Medical Center, advanced procedures like Intracytoplasmic Sperm Injection (ICSI) ensure the selection of the healthiest sperm for fertilization in cases of sperm disorders. We understand the unique challenges that individuals and couples face when dealing with male fertility issues, and we are committed to providing compassionate and practical solutions to help you achieve your dream of parenthood.
Normal reference values for Semen Analysis Report:
The semen is a fluid that contains various secretions from the male reproductive organ. It also contains nutrients and enzymes. The table explains the normal composition of human semen:
Parameters
Duration of Abstinence
Liquefaction Time
Volume
pH
Concentration
Total Sperms No
Total Motility
Progressive Motility
Normal Morphology
References Ranges
3 to 5 days
≤ 60 min
≥ 1.5 mL
≥ 7.2
≥ 39 M
≥ 58% alive sperms
≥ 40%
≥ 32%
≥ 4%
Requirements & Procedure of Semen Analysis
Collection of samples:
It is recommended that the semen sample be collected by the man. It is advisable to gather the semen after abstaining for a minimum of 3 days and a maximum of 5 days. It’s crucial to provide explicit instructions before collection to ensure that all ejaculate components are collected comprehensively. In case of any sample loss, immediate reporting to the laboratory is necessary. Human male semen can exhibit considerable variations in its composition over different times; therefore, it is ideal to obtain 2 or 3 semen samples for more precise dataInstructions for collection, handling, and transportation of samples:
The sample should be gathered in a clean, wide-mouthed container that poses no harm to sperm. This sperm container should be stored at room temperature, typically between 20°C and 37°C.The semen needs to reach the laboratory within one hour of collection to prevent any adverse effects on sperm quality due to dehydration and temperature fluctuations.
Steps Involved in Semen Analysis according to WHO Guidelines:
As per the WHO laboratory manual for the assessment and processing of human semen, the process includes the following stages:
Analysis of Sample
After liquefaction, the next step is wet preparation, which evaluates semen quality by measuring pH, sperm motility, and sperm count. The sample is diluted to measure the sperm count accurately. Sperm vitality refers to the number of live sperms in a given sample and is assessed. Various biochemical tests are carried out, including the test for sperm antibodies. It’s important to note that biochemical tests should be done within 3 hours after sample collection.
Liquefaction
The sample should be placed in an incubator at 37°C within five minutes. After liquefaction, the sample becomes more diluted and may form clumps. The liquefaction process, lasting around 60 minutes, is a crucial step in the analysis of certain biological samples, ensuring optimal conditions for subsequent testing and accurate assessment of relevant parameters. Properly timed and executed liquefaction is essential for obtaining reliable results in laboratory diagnostics.
Understanding Semen Analysis Results:
A semen analysis is a medical test performed to evaluate the fertility of males who might be facing infertility issues. The results of semen analysis are assessed based on these criteria:
Sperm Vitality
Immotile and dead sperm may indicate epididymal issues, while a high number of immotile but alive sperm can suggest problems with the sperm’s flagellar structure.
Sperm Count:
A sample with less than 10 million sperm count should check hormonal levels for sexual dysfunction or hormonal issues. It is recommended to conduct initial biochemical tests that include checking the levels of serum total testosterone and serum follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH). Numerous healthcare professionals highly recommend conducting hormonal screening for all male infertility patients.
Semen Volume:
A low semen volume, less than 1 ml, can have various causes. Low semen volume or low sperm count can be caused by low testosterone; a part of semen can be lost during sample collection or may be due to other underlying health conditions.
Sperm Structure:
The abnormal structure and shape of sperm suggest any issue related to the process of sperm production in the testicles.
Cells in Semen:
Male patients with leukocytes less than 1 million should undergo testing for infections or inflammation in the genital tract.
Improving Male Fertility & Treatment Options:
It’s important to note that men can take steps to increase their fertility by making lifestyle changes. Eating a balanced diet, not smoking, reducing alcohol intake, exercising regularly, and maintaining a healthy weight if overweight or obese are some of the changes that can be made to help improve male fertility. Low sperm count or no sperm count (azoospermia) can result from hormonal issues or obstruction of the genital tract. Surgical treatment can treat patients with obstruction and can improve male fertility.
Semen analysis, along with a complete medical and physical examination, can help diagnose the accurate cause of male infertility and guide the best treatment for couples seeking relief from infertility.
Semen analysis, along with a complete medical and physical examination, can help diagnose the accurate cause of male infertility and guide the best treatment for couples seeking relief from infertility.
At the Australian Concept Infertility Medical Center, advanced procedures like Intracytoplasmic Sperm Injection (ICSI) ensure the selection of the healthiest sperm for fertilization in cases of sperm disorders. We understand the unique challenges that individuals and couples face when dealing with male fertility issues, and we are committed to providing compassionate and practical solutions to help you achieve your dream of parenthood.
FAQ's Related to Semen Analysis
What is a semen analysis, and why is it important?
A semen analysis, also known as a sperm count, is a diagnostic test that assesses the quality and quantity of semen. It helps identify potential issues with sperm count, motility, and morphology, which can contribute to male infertility.
What is infertility, and how prevalent is male factor infertility?
Infertility is the inability to conceive after one year of unprotected sexual intercourse. Male factor infertility contributes to about 30% of infertility cases, with a significant role in approximately half of them. Studies suggest that almost 15% of couples may experience infertility.
How are semen analysis results interpreted, and what do abnormal results indicate?
Results are assessed based on semen volume, sperm count, sperm vitality, sperm shape, and cells in semen. Abnormal results may indicate issues such as low testosterone, hormonal imbalances, epididymal problems, or inflammation in the genital tract.
How can male fertility be improved, and what are the treatment options?
Lifestyle changes, including a balanced diet, avoiding smoking and excessive alcohol, regular exercise, and weight management, can improve fertility. Surgical treatments may be considered for patients with obstructive issues. Advanced procedures like Intracytoplasmic Sperm Injection (ICSI) are available for cases of sperm disorders.
How does the Australian Concept Infertility Medical Center support individuals and couples dealing with male fertility issues?
Australian Concept offers comprehensive semen analysis, medical examinations, and treatments like Intracytoplasmic Sperm Injection (ICSI) to address male infertility. The focus is on providing compassionate and practical solutions to help individuals and couples achieve their parenthood goals.
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